What is taught in each Form Two subject
The summaries below are based on the Form Two schemes of work, so they show the topics and competences teachers plan to cover during the year.
Mathematics — Form Two (Hisabati)
Form Two Mathematics moves learners from arithmetic reasoning into geometry and algebra. Learners use rates and variations to solve everyday problems, prove why shapes are similar or congruent, work with exponents, logarithms and radicals, solve quadratic equations, use sets and Venn diagrams, and meet trigonometry for the first time.
Topics and content
- Rates and variations
- Similarity and congruence; similar triangles; theorems of congruent triangles
- Algebra: quadratic equations, laws of exponents, standard form, logarithms, radicals
- Sets: types, operations, Venn diagrams and counting elements
- Trigonometry: ratios, special angles, angles of elevation and depression
Main competences: Mathematical language; geometry and algebra; coordinate geometry and trigonometry in daily life.
Start learning Mathematics Mathematics scheme of work
Physics — Form Two (Fizikia)
Form Two Physics introduces four core topics: light, magnetism, static electricity and current electricity. Learners explain how light travels and forms images, magnetise and demagnetise materials, detect static charge, and apply the laws of current electricity, then use experiments, graphs and spreadsheets to analyse data and build simple prototypes.
Topics and content
- Light: sources, propagation, image formation, colours, optical instruments
- Magnetism: magnetisation, demagnetisation, magnetic fields
- Static electricity: charge detection, capacitors, lightning conductors
- Current electricity: EMF, potential difference, resistance, effects of current, domestic wiring
- Experiments, data analysis with graphs and spreadsheets, and a prototype project
Main competences: Apply Physics in various contexts; conduct experiments; evaluate and use information in Physics.
Start learning Physics Physics scheme of work
Chemistry — Form Two (Kemia)
Form Two Chemistry explains matter from the atom upward. Learners describe atomic structure and electronic arrangement, write chemical formulae and name compounds with the IUPAC system, explain covalent and electrovalent bonding, balance chemical equations, study acids, bases and salts, and use the periodic table to compare elements. They also prepare acid-base indicators from local materials.
Topics and content
- Atomic structure, electronic arrangement, atomic and mass numbers
- Chemical formulae, nomenclature, empirical and molecular formulae
- Chemical bonding and chemical reactions, including burning and digestion
- Acids, bases and salts and their uses
- The periodic table: trends and electronic configuration
- Making and using acid-base indicators from local materials
Main competences: Mastery of basic Chemistry concepts, theories and principles; conducting experiments in Chemistry.
Start learning Chemistry Chemistry scheme of work
Biology — Form Two (Baiolojia)
Form Two Biology studies how living organisms feed, transport materials and release energy. Learners compare nutrition in humans and ruminants, explain transport in flowering plants and in the human body, describe gaseous exchange and respiration in mammals and plants, and then carry out and report practical investigations such as food tests and measuring pulse rate.
Topics and content
- Nutrition in humans and ruminants
- Transport in flowering plants and in the human body
- Gaseous exchange and respiration in mammals and plants
- Investigations: food nutrients, plant transport, pulse rate, aerobic and anaerobic respiration
- Preparing and presenting a biological report
Main competences: Mastery of Biology concepts, principles and processes; conducting biological investigations.
Start learning Biology Biology scheme of work
Geography — Form Two (Jiografia)
Form Two Geography explains how the Earth is built and how geographers read it. Learners describe the crust, mantle and core and the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere, then practise reading maps (keys, symbols, scale, contours) and interpreting ground, vertical and oblique photographs.
Topics and content
- Internal structure of the Earth: crust, mantle, core
- External Earth systems: hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere
- Map reading and interpretation
- Photographs in Geography: types, elements and uses
- Photograph interpretation: foreground, middle ground and background
Main competences: Mastery of the structure of the Earth; basic skills and techniques in Geography.
Start learning Geography Geography scheme of work
English — Form Two (Kiingereza)
Form Two English builds all four language skills through real communication tasks. Learners summarise and paraphrase what they hear, speak with correct intonation and cohesive devices, widen vocabulary with prefixes and suffixes, use tenses and other structures in descriptions, read for main ideas, and write claim and request letters, emails and short stories.
Topics and content
- Listening: summarising and paraphrasing
- Speaking: intonation, cohesive devices, formal presentations
- Vocabulary: opposites, prefixes and suffixes
- Grammar in context: tenses, prepositions, adjectives and quantifiers
- Reading comprehension and inference
- Writing: claim and request letters, emails, short stories
Main competences: English language skills; comprehending oral and written information; communicating effectively in different contexts.
Start learning English English scheme of work
Kiswahili — Form Two
Kiswahili cha Kidato cha Pili kinakuza sarufi na mawasiliano. Wanafunzi hujifunza upatanisho wa kisarufi na miundo ya sentensi ambatani na changamani, kusikiliza na kuuliza maswali, kusoma matini ndefu na kuandika muhtasari, kuzungumza kwa mitindo mbalimbali, na kuandika insha za wasifu na hoja pamoja na kumbukumbu za mikutano.
Topics and content
- Sarufi: upatanisho wa kisarufi, sentensi ambatani na changamani
- Kusikiliza na kuelewa mazungumzo na mijadala
- Kusoma matini ndefu changamani na kuandika muhtasari
- Mitindo ya lugha ya mazungumzo na ishara zinazoambatana na mazungumzo
- Insha za wasifu na hoja; kuandika kumbukumbu
Main competences: Kumudu misingi ya Kiswahili; lugha ya mazungumzo na ya maandishi; kuwasiliana katika miktadha mbalimbali.
Start learning Kiswahili Kiswahili scheme of work
Computer Science — Form Two (Sayansi ya Kompyuta)
Form Two Computer Science teaches learners to use the Internet safely and to start programming. Learners study Internet services, cyber security threats, ethics and protective measures, then learn what programming languages and tools are, install and configure a language such as Python, and write programs using variables, data types, branching and debugging.
Topics and content
- The Internet and Internet services
- Cyber security: threats, ethics, principles and practices
- Programming languages and tools
- Installing and configuring a programming language
- Variables, constants, data types and branching
- Debugging programs
Main competences: Mastery of the Internet and basics of cyber security; basic principles of computer programming.
Start learning Computer Science Computer Science scheme of work
Business Studies — Form Two (Masomo ya Biashara)
Form Two Business Studies prepares learners to understand and run small enterprises. Learners study production, sources of capital such as loans and savings, the role of microfinance and cooperatives, how to keep records, calculate profit and loss and budget, how warehousing and inventory work, and how to spot business opportunities in their own locality.
Topics and content
- Production: meaning, types, factors and importance
- Sources of capital for small businesses
- Microfinance and cooperatives
- Small-business management: records, profit and loss, budgeting
- Warehousing and inventory
- Identifying local business opportunities
Main competences: Mastery of business knowledge; solving social challenges using business skills; applying business knowledge in various contexts.
Start learning Business Studies Business Studies scheme of work
Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili — Form Two
Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili ya Kidato cha Pili inafuatilia historia ya nchi kuanzia ukoloni (1890 hadi 1960) hadi ujenzi wa Taifa (1961 hadi 1966). Wanafunzi huchambua chimbuko la ukoloni na athari zake kwa maadili ya jamii, juhudi za kupinga ukoloni, hali ya nchi baada ya uhuru, na chimbuko na mchango wa Mapinduzi Matukufu ya Zanzibar.
Topics and content
- Chimbuko la ukoloni na mataifa yaliyotawala Tanzania
- Athari za ukoloni kwenye maadili ya jamii
- Jitihada za kupinga ukoloni na kupigania uhuru
- Ujenzi wa Taifa na maadili 1961 hadi 1966
- Mapinduzi Matukufu ya Zanzibar
Main competences: Kumudu historia ya Tanzania na maadili wakati wa ukoloni (1890 hadi 1960); historia ya ujenzi wa Taifa (1961 hadi 1966).
Start learning Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili scheme of work
Food and Human Nutrition — Form Two (Chakula na Lishe)
Form Two Food and Human Nutrition links cooking with health. Learners describe food additives such as herbs, spices, colours and preservatives, study cereals and their nutritive value, explore the meaning, causes, symptoms and prevention of malnutrition, plan balanced meals for different groups of people, and prepare cereal dishes.
Topics and content
- Food additives: herbs, spices, colours, flavourings, preservatives, condiments
- Cereals: types, nutritive values, products and uses
- Malnutrition: meaning, types, causes, symptoms, prevention
- Planning balanced meals for different groups
- Preparing cereal dishes
Main competences: Principles of Food and Nutrition; health and nutrition; preparing different dishes.
Start learning Food and Human Nutrition Food and Human Nutrition scheme of work
Agriculture — Form Two (Kilimo)
Form Two Agriculture combines principles with field practice. Learners study the production of banana, cassava, sweet potato and round potato, and of pigs or rabbits, then apply husbandry practices in school gardens and animal units, working in groups with production guides and simple tools.
Topics and content
- Production of banana, cassava, sweet potato and round potato
- Production of pigs or rabbits
- Crop husbandry practice
- Animal husbandry practice
Main competences: Mastery of the principles of agriculture; using basic agricultural skills.
Start learning Agriculture Agriculture scheme of work
Life Skills — Form Two (Stadi za Maisha)
Form Two Life Skills helps learners make responsible choices. It covers reproductive health, sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS facts, testing and care, human rights and challenging stigma, gender concepts and gender-based violence, career goals, creative and critical thinking, using support systems and referrals, and customer care.
Topics and content
- Sexual and reproductive health, STIs and HIV/AIDS
- Human rights and challenging stigma and discrimination
- Gender concerns and gender-based violence
- Achieving career goals and vision
- Creative and critical thinking
- Referrals, support systems and customer care
Main competences: Six competences: reproductive health; gender concerns; career goals; creative and critical thinking; referrals and linkage; customer care.
Start learning Life Skills Life Skills scheme of work
Sports Studies — Form Two (Masomo ya Michezo)
Form Two Sports Studies develops physical skills and sporting knowledge. Learners practise and describe the skills, techniques, rules and safety measures of netball and field events, with swimming or gymnastics as options, and then play selected sports while applying those skills and safety principles.
Topics and content
- Netball skills, rules and safety
- Field events skills, rules and safety
- Swimming or gymnastics (optional)
- Playing selected sports using skills, rules and safety principles
Main competences: Play various sports; develop skills and techniques in sports.
Start learning Sports Studies Sports Studies scheme of work
Music — Form Two (Muziki)
Form Two Music covers reading and writing music, the science of sound, and performance. Learners study rhythm, staff notation and musical terms, classify instruments, compose short songs in Kiswahili, sing individually and in groups, accompany songs on percussion instruments, and learn how a recording studio and its equipment work.
Topics and content
- Reading and writing music: rhythm, staff notation, melody and harmony
- Sources of musical sounds and classification of instruments
- Composing short songs in Kiswahili
- Singing solo and in groups; playing percussion
- Music recording studios and equipment
Main competences: Concepts and principles of music; creating and performing music; using ICT in music.
Start learning Music Music scheme of work
Theatre Arts — Form Two (Sanaa za Maonyesho)
Form Two Theatre Arts traces theatre in Africa from pre-colonial times to independence and compares Greek, Chinese, Indian and Japanese traditions. Learners then study the principles of vichekesho and ngonjera, perform them for children, youth and adults, and use phones and computers to record, edit and add sound or lighting effects to drama.
Topics and content
- History of theatre arts in Africa
- Theatre traditions of Greece, China, India and Japan
- Theories and principles of vichekesho and ngonjera
- Performing for different audiences
- Using ICT for film, television and radio drama
Main competences: Concepts, theories and principles of theatre arts; performing theatre arts.
Start learning Theatre Arts Theatre Arts scheme of work
Fine Art — Form Two (Sanaa za Ufundi)
Form Two Fine Art blends theory and studio practice. Learners describe still life composition, explain formalism and functionalism, create functional drawings, paintings and monoprints for decoration, and use traditional and modern techniques such as pastels, water colours, acrylics and oil paints.
Topics and content
- Still life composition
- Formalism and functionalism
- Functional drawings, paintings and monoprints
- Drawing with pastels
- Painting with water colours, acrylics and oil paints
Main competences: Concepts, theories and principles of Fine Art; creating simple works of fine art.
Start learning Fine Art Fine Art scheme of work